Module 3: The continuum of multi-morbid risk
- https://www.bhf.org.uk/what-we-do/our-research/heart-and-circulatory-diseases-in-numbers/comorbidities-coronary-heart-disease
- https://academic.oup.com/ckj/article/13/1/14/5643866
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6532812/pdf/bjgpjun-2019-69-683-e398.pdf
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5795764/pdf/igen-24-1398318.pdf
- https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-019-1373-y
- https://drc.bmj.com/content/bmjdrc/3/1/e000093.full.pdf
- https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/01.cir.0000095676.90936.80
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Question 1 of 10
1. Question
In people with Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular and renal comorbidities tend to cluster at what timepoint?
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Question 2 of 10
2. Question
In a UK study, the most prevalent combination of comorbidities in people with Type 2 diabetes at diagnosis was ____?
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Question 3 of 10
3. Question
Type 2 cardiorenal syndrome is best described as which of the following?
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Question 4 of 10
4. Question
In real-world analysis, what percentage of people with Type 2 diabetes have combinations of CaReMe diseases and risk factors?
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Question 5 of 10
5. Question
Compared comorbidity-free patients with Type 2 diabetes, those with heart failure or chronic kidney disease demonstrate a bidirectional risk association of how many fold?
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Question 6 of 10
6. Question
Heart failure greatly increases risk of death in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease by a hazard ratio of ___?
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Question 7 of 10
7. Question
The relative hazard of incident heart failure per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 lower eGFR is which of the following?
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Question 8 of 10
8. Question
In an analysis of longitudinal measures of eGFR taken from 1,120,295 adults in the Kaiser Permanente Renal Registry, an eGFR of 30-44 mL/min/1.73 m2 is associated with which of the following age-standardised rate of cardiovascular events
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Question 9 of 10
9. Question
For each 5 mL/min decline in CrCl, what is the corresponding increase in risk of left ventricular hypertrophy?
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Question 10 of 10
10. Question
In patients with diabetes and kidney disease, which of the following is associate with the greatest excess mortality compared with individuals without diabetes or kidney disease?
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